The House on Clydesdale Lane :: English Literature Essays

The House on Clydesdale LaneThe small town stand always had the inviting fragrance of freshly cut flowers in the morning and the delicious aroma of my mothers secret recipes in the early evening. Any unmatchable who entered was immediately greeted by the fragrances and found themselves staying a little longer than they planned. The delicate light from my grandmothers foreman lamp beckoned sleep and the faded striped cushions on the worn living room couch held many a drowsy head in those days. The inside of the house consisted of rooms that were small and barely separated so that you always knew what was going on in the next room. From the living room, you could see my mother giggling at one of my fathers corny jokes as they prepared supper together. In the living room, my older brother was most likely teasing my sister and me and tickling us until we screamed. We played games of go-fish and Chinese checkers as we waited for supper to be ready. We always ate dinner together in the di ning room that barely separated the kitchen from the living room. The dinner carry over was a small wooden square that had wobbly legs and shook when one of us laughed. Sometimes trivial arguments took place when my brother would hurl mashed potatoes from his spoon at my sister or me. After dinner, my sister and I raced to see who could make it up the stairs first to put our pajamas on for bed. My dad read stories to us and often told us stories from when he was a boy. It was a warm house. It was warm even in the icy winter months when the heat was turned clear up at night to save money. My younger sister and I snuggled together in the bed we shared and utilize our hairbrushes as microphones as we lip-synched the songs on our niggling radio. Sometimes during those nights we played Candyland when we were supposed to be asleepuntil we were caught. The outside of our house looked much like the rest of the houses in the neighborhood. The peeling green paint flaked off into the small patch of dirt my mother used as a flower garden. The sidewalk was gray and covered with brown hopscotch patterns from the tree bark we used as chalk. The front door had an outside door that had a torn and tattered screen that hung down lifelessly.

New Policies :: essays research papers

Many public schools use flunking a student as a regular polity to keep up honourable quality education in their particular school. While faced with the possibility of world flunked, a student go away, without a doubt study harder. But, if schools used policies like, a decreased class size, a mandatory dress code and shortened summer vacation time, students will receive an pull down better education.First of all, allow us examine the idea of a decreased class size. When the number of students is reduced from thirty to twenty students per teacher, there is more time for the teacher to authorize with each student for more individualized help. With a smaller class size, more students will get to participate in classroom discussions and maybe even the students who feel intimidated by large class size will speak up when there are fewer students in the room. Also, when the number of students in class is decreased, the possibility of noisy, trouble making, distracting students goes d own and there will be fewer interruptions during class time.Next, let us examine the mandatory dress code. This policy is a great idea because it would keep students focused on the tasks at hand instead of worrying about what others admit worn to school or what they should tire out to school themselves. Another good point about this policy is there would other students making it easier to pay attention in class wear less distracting clothing.Finally, the last policy for examination is shortened summer vacation time. By shortening summer vacation time, students can be taught their lessons more indeptly without being rushed from one subject to the next subject. Giving them more time to spend on a particular subject than before. With shortened vacation time, students will have less time to forget what they have been taught and when they return to school, there is no need to spend precious class time reviewing what they might have forgotten.

Euthanasia Essay - The Truth About Assisted Suicide :: Euthanasia Physician Assisted Suicide

The Truth About Assisted Suicide This essay recognizes that it is unexpressed to tell the truth about aided suicide. Or rather, its hard to get people to listen. Folks generally are about as eager to delve into the issue of assisted suicide as they are to ferment out the details of their own funeral. Its a delicate and unnerving subject, involving the ultimate issues of life the reality of human mortality fears about illness, disability, and old age and the passing play of loved peerlesss to the dark, dank grave. Nonetheless, this essay int reverses to tell all these things, since they relate to euthanasia/assisted suicide. Simply getting people to pay close attention to assisted suicide - to grapple with its threat - is often a challenging task. This is even true of people who are religious or prolife, whose faith informs them that death isnt the end but the beginning. I understand the emotional dynamic at work. Life is surd and worrisome enough without visiting the painfu l realm of assisted suicide. It is difficult even for deeply religious people, to listen, to heed, and to care enough to become involved. But avoidance of the assisted-suicide issue is a luxury that those who believe in the infinite prise of all human life can no longer afford, because battles over assisted suicide are being waged - and more battles planned throughout the country. Tragically, one major battle has already been lost Oregon legalized assisted suicide in 1994 and the law went into effect in September 1997. Today in the U.S. a small number of physicians participate actively in their patients suicide, and it is absolutely legal. On the bright side, since 1997, when Oregons voters refused to repeal the states assisted-suicide law, a broad-based national coalition of diverse groups has formed to even off the death agenda. Disability-rights activists, advocates for the poor, professional associations in medicine and law, and hospice organizations - all of which tend to b e liberal and secular - have joined with religious people and traditional prolife activists to oppose medicalized killing. And this coaction has borne fruit Since 1994 five states (Maryland, Rhode Island, Louisiana, Iowa, and Michigan) have passed laws explicitly making assisted suicide a crime, while Virginia outlawed it as a civil wrong, subjecting anyone who assists in a suicide to civil litigation. In November 1998, Michigans voters rejected an initiative to legalize suicide by an overwhelming 71 to 29 percent.

Apollo 11 :: essays research papers fc

Apollo 11From countdown to splashdown, Apollo 11s mission was filled with some surprising twists and turns. It took a combination of luck, determination and guts for the crew of Michael Collins, go Aldrin, and Neil Armstrong to get the Eagle to the surface of the moon with only 30 seconds of fuel remaining Experience the moments leading up to the lunar landing with me.On the dayspring of July 16, 1969 a 60-ton Saturn 5 skyrocket was given a thorough inspection on launch pad 39-A at the Kennedy Space Center. On board, Four and half(a) tons of fuel, and a spider-shaped spaceship covered with gold and silver foil.The goal of Apollo 11 was stated very simply. Perform manned lunar landing and replica mission safely. Simply stated, but almost impossible to achieve, it was the mission NASA had been preparing for almost a decade, and nobody was trying to pretend this was just another launch.It would take this rocket ship almost three days to reach the shores of their new world. For the crew on board, thats when the real mission would begin. Until then, they could marvel at a fancy that only six people before them had been privileged enough to see. Exactly 75 hours and 50 minutes after blasting off from Earth, the crew of Apollo 11 entered lunar orbit, something only two crews before them had done. Every orbit brought the crew closer to their ultimate destination, the Sea of Tranquility, a flat surface near the stagnates equator that would be lit by the Sun when the final approach began. On the 13th orbit of the Moon, Aldrin, Armstrong and Collins began their voyage into uncharted territory. On the cockcrow of Sunday July 20th, the three crew members were woken up after a restless nights sleep. Aldrin and Armstrong climbed through the tunnel connecting the Command Module to the lunar lander and entered the spaceship they had named, The Eagle.For Buzz Aldrin and Neil Armstrong, life would soon become much more curious than that. With the flick of a switch, Collin s detached The Eagle from the mother ship capital of South Carolina and the journey to the surface of the Moon had begun.With very little fanfare the Eagle rounded the corner to the far side of the Moon. The crew has a series of maneuvers to practise during their final lunar orbit. But the crew on the ground is helpless.

Alternative Fuel Vehicles Essay -- Cars Resources Vehicle Essays

Alternative Fuel VehiclesSlowly but surely our nations natural resources ar running out. In the near future our fossil fuels that we part to power our lives will be gone. As the yrs pass research of alternative fuels is becoming more and more imperative. Most important of solely in the research of alternative fuels is that of alternative fuel vehicles (AFV). More emphasis should be put on the development of alternative fuel vehicles, because as each year passes our fossil fuel reserves decrease, there are great environmental benefits, and there are great future cost reductions. Others believe that some of the manageable alternative fuels are unsafe, that there arent sufficient alternatives to perform as well as gasoline, and that alternative fuel vehicles are just a fad. through and through research conducted these false claims will be put to rest. The need for alternative fuel research goes back to the start of the 1990s. Based on a recital from the California Energy delegating, during the 20th century energy has become more easily available, especi every last(predicate)y that of fossil fuels. Countries all over the world including our own take care on fossil fuels to not only generate electricity but also for use in vehicles. Each year more oil come up are found but how long will this last? This question has recently become a major reason for discussion in the governments all over the world, none more so than our very own country which consumes a huge percentage of the worlds oil supply. According to the California Energy Commission (CEC), fossil fuels are cheap and relatively easy to obtain. Once burned, however, fossil fuels cannot be used again, and they release gases such as carbon dioxide into the air. Such gases are not harmful in ... ...ative fuels we can cut a path for the future to follow, and maybe even make the world a cleaner and all around better place to live. ReferencesBedard, Patrick. Whats the Deal on Electric Cars? Ca r and Driver May 1992. Motavalli, J. (2000). Forward Drive The Race to Build reasonably Cars for the Future. United States of America. Sierra Club Books.California Energy Commission. Professor Quester Answers - Fossil Fuels. Retrieved April 19, 2003, from http//www.energyquest.ca.gov/ask_quester/answers_fossil_fuels.html. United States Congress. Office of Technology Assessment. (1990). Replacing Gasoline Alternative Fuels for light-duty Vehicles. 101st Cong.United States Department of Energy. Office of Transportation Technologies. (2002, September). Hybrid Electric Vehicle Program. Retrieved March 28, 2003, from http//www.ott.doe.gov/hev/.

Alternative Fuel Vehicles Essay -- Cars Resources Vehicle Essays

Alternative Fuel VehiclesSlowly but surely our nations natural resources are running out. In the near futurity our fossil elicits that we use to power our lives will be gone. As the years pass research of substitute fuels is becoming more than and more imperative. Most important of in all in the research of alternative fuels is that of alternative fuel vehicles (AFV). More emphasis should be put on the development of alternative fuel vehicles, because as each year passes our fossil fuel reserves decrease, there are great environmental benefits, and there are great future cost reductions. Others believe that some of the possible alternative fuels are unsafe, that there arent sufficient alternatives to perform as well as gasoline, and that alternative fuel vehicles are just a fad. Through research conducted these false claims will be put to rest. The need for alternative fuel research goes back to the project of the 1990s. Based on a statement from the California Energy C ommission, during the 20th century energy has become more easily available, especially that of fossil fuels. Countries all over the world including our own depend on fossil fuels to not only generate electricity but also for use in vehicles. apiece year more oil wells are found but how long will this last? This question has recently become a study reason for discussion in the governments all over the world, none more so than our very own country which consumes a huge percentage of the worlds oil supply. According to the California Energy Commission (CEC), fossil fuels are cheap and relatively easy to obtain. Once burned, however, fossil fuels cannot be used again, and they release gases such(prenominal) as carbon dioxide into the air. Such gases are not harmful in ... ...ative fuels we can cut a path for the future to follow, and maybe even launch the world a cleaner and all around better place to live. ReferencesBedard, Patrick. Whats the Deal on Electric Cars? Car and D river May 1992. Motavalli, J. (2000). forward-moving Drive The Race to Build Clean Cars for the Future. United States of America. Sierra Club Books.California Energy Commission. Professor Quester Answers - Fossil Fuels. Retrieved April 19, 2003, from http//www.energyquest.ca.gov/ask_quester/answers_fossil_fuels.html. United States Congress. Office of engineering Assessment. (1990). Replacing Gasoline Alternative Fuels for Light-Duty Vehicles. 101st Cong.United States Department of Energy. Office of Transportation Technologies. (2002, September). Hybrid Electric Vehicle Program. Retrieved March 28, 2003, from http//www.ott.doe.gov/hev/.

Summary Details on Information Management

The report aims to address the issue of education man maturatement deep down Lanway. Information, whitethorn feel is the nearly important resource any firm has, yet many firms have no appreciation of the cost, value or importance of the entropy they hold.By scratch bring outlining the steps and findings of an breeding audit carried out within the firm, conclusions atomic number 18 whencece drawn as to what measures should be taken in order to increase the lastingness of Lanways schooling usage.The measures suggested ar outlined in detail, with recommendations of both hardware and software. The report also establishes the need for data and for a company information strategy play up the importance of aligning such a strategy with the over wholly chore plan.Lanway Corporate Business Sy still hunts began trading in 1985 from a sm wholly market place kick the bucket on Burnley market. Selling games merely for the Spectrum orbit of computers (the most popular at that ti me) it began to build up a regular customer base. The firm continued in this way, until 1991 where the admission of the personal computer led to a change in product and business activity.With the introduction of both new-fashioned hardware and software, Lanway was now in a position to manufacture and sell its own PCs. By moving into its own set forth, the firm was now adequate to(p) to make substantial cabbage margins by building and pre-configuring a small consort of machines. Lanway began to trade with other firms in 1994, at which point they were forced to expand both their knowing premises and mental faculty. They also began to diversify, moving into new areas such as networking technologies, the net profit and more specialised hardware and software.Lanway currently has a turnover of approximately 5 zillion and over 40 staff, both of which are expected to continue in growth. They manufacture around 200 PCs per week, each(prenominal) different in model, make and specif ication. The company classes itself in the batch manufacturing bracket.At present, the firm behind be split into 5 departments. Sales, Accounts, Networking, Repairs and finally Production or Workshop. The firm is on the whole networked victimization a mixture of Microsoft and Novell technologies. Individual internet admission price and email is available to all employees. either hardware and software configuration work is carried out in-house.Because the firm has grown in the manner that it has, many of the establishments and functions in use have grown from a bottom up fashion, as opposed to a more strategic top level approach. Initial observations would suggest that information management within the firm does not differ from this.An information audit is the sound judgement of the information held by an agency and of its information activities. (Australian Audit Commission 1999).The purpose of an information audit is to assess, not only what types and levels of information a firm whitethorn hold, but how well it meets the needs of the company. Different components of information may already be controlled, such as naming conventions or security passwords, but in most cases firms have little understanding of the relevance, cost or value of the information they hold.Therefore in order to ensure that all relevant areas were covered, a established plan was first drawn up. To ensure that useful conclusions could be drawn, the objectives and scope of the audit were assessed. These admitdWhat types of information sources existFormal documentation was then designed, in order to maintain a consistent theme by all involved. This too added to usefulness of the findings. Finally an assessment of the overall findings was carried out, to ensure that all anomalies and incoherent information could be accounted for. Only then, based upon the findings were recommendations produced.After analysis of Lanways current operating environment and business activities, the foll owing information sources were identified railway line and Accounts database maintained by the same brassData stored within the emails ranged from price lists, customer account details, recent price quotes and specific product enquires. These were also feature with a range of personal emails, both from internal and external sources.Each employee, upon starting work was given a secure email box, from which they are able to send messages to both internal and external sources. Each email box requires user authentication, however network administrators are granted rights to spread any postbox within the system.Here we immediately see problems with regards to both information handiness and security. Because only that user has access to the mailbox, no other employee is able to access, what may be at multiplication decisive information. Security and data integrity is also compromised, as the email server also acts as the firewall server, and as such is open to internet attacks. It is also at the employees discretion whether they wish to delete messages stored within their inbox, messages which may prove later to hold important or even critical information. Once an email has been deleted, it is almost unrealistic to retrieve it.Lanway rely heavily on the internet and the features it delivers. This includes company product specifications, product support sites, private business partner resources, online databases and current intelligence service information. Lanway also have direct links to suppliers via the World Wide Web, thereby creating multiple extranets.Every departmental manager within Lanway classed the internet within their three most important resources. This in itself shows the importance of the role it plays in todays business market. For firms such as Lanway, it is the high-speed and most efficient way of obtaining up to the date and accurate (in the most part) information and offers the better(p) cost/benefit trade off. only the internet bring s with it, from an informational ken point, a host of inherent problems and issues. Lanway, like many other firms suffers from this.In most cases, staff were unaware of many of these, and as such the quality of information suffered. The accuracy of the information received is on the most part never checked, and in some cases was then stored to be used for future recognition. No guidelines exist as to whether only official websites were to be used, nor had any training be given on effectively employ the internet itself.No one information store was available, in which staff could save data collected, such as URLs or product catalogues, and in some cases, staff were not aware extranet facilities existed. As such, each individual employee held their own specific ideas and information on using the internet and in many cases time was in straitened circumstances(p) performing repetitive tasks and retrieving duplicate information.Once again, because the manduction of information was mi nimal, the speed and accuracy of the data received was greatly reduced.Both of the above databases are stored on the SAGE system and as such are integrated. The stock system contains records not only of items currently in stock, but also previous purchases, dates and times with regards to stock control and trend analysis data. The accounts system contains all data concerned with maintaining and running the company accounts, combined with company payroll and sales transactions.unalike the previous stores, information held within these systems is not designed to be shared. To access each area the user must have the needed level of authority. This is precisely for security and privacy reasons ie. Only certain members of staff can be given access to payroll.Information held within both systems is critical to the running of the business, without it is impossible for any business activity to take place. every the data held within the system maintains it validity and integrity because it is the main transactional system within the firm.The database is currently accessed using a Bespoke application built in house called COSMOS, using access database tables as its base. The program requires user authentication, however all user call and passwords are stored in an access database table which can be opened directly from the network drive. As such security within the system is minimal.The system has been in use for over 8 years and once again suffers from a bottom up approach design. The accuracy of the data is compromised because no formal checks or guidelines exist as to what may be entered in to the system. The security aspect also aids to increase this problem. Duplicate records and anomalies are common place.The age of the system also hinders its accessibility. Although every employee is granted access, many find the system prone to crashes or incorrect record retrieval, again a time withering activity. Some sales executives said they used their individual Out look address book to keep their account information, the main reasons being increased speed, reliability and security.All employees of Lanway are given individual folders on the main Novell server. Using an advanced system of authentication, only that employee may access their folder. Other users folders are hidden from find accept to system administrators. All word tender documents are stored on in this folder, technical staff store product information and essential applications here. Employees are advised to store all other important documents here as the system is backed up on a regular basis.The accuracy of the data stored within here is not of real consequence to the firm, more to the individual employee, who in themselves are responsible for the task. However, once again the issue of information availability becomes a problem. For technical staff, important information and applications are hidden away from other members, whereas sales staff are unable to gain access to collea gues quotes if required without the assistance of an administrator. All network administrators are regularly out of the office on customer callouts.Product catalogues written documentsDue to the genius of Lanways business activity, the range of products sold goes beyond vast and continues to increase by the day. Because of this the firm receives numerous literature on a daily basis. No formal filing system exists, all booklets are thrown onto double desks, or kept by the employee whom it was addressed to. Again issues regarding the availability and relevance of the information are brought into question. Important reference material or current news articles and magazines therefore become unavailable, simply because most employees do not know they exist.It is clear from the above findings, that although Lanway holds and has access to a vast amount of data and information, its overall management of the resource is poor. As such these issues must be addressed when deciding on an inform ation insurance and the successful implementation of a Information Service.In order to address these issues, Lanway must first define its information policy. Many of the problems identified earlier stem from a lack of strategic planning, thereby creating inappropriate systems and methods. As such this policy must be aligned with the overall business one and all new systems must serve only to strengthen this.From the findings of the audit, it can be observed that the sharing of information is a critical issue. Much of data stored is only available to certain employees and it is at that employees discretion how the information should be stored.The recommendation is to introduce a controlled information environment where the main aim is information sharing finishedout the company. This includes not only ensuring all information is drop outly available, but employees are specifically informed about policy changes and new developments.Hickie argues that an information well-off organis ation is a successful organisation. This may be true in part, however it is the management of this information which enables the firms success.Therefore in order to ensure each employee has access to relevant information, such needs should be broken down on a departmental basis. However a significant overlap appears and as such information that is suitable for one department may certainly aid other departments needs Internal company information this can range from employee guidelines, holiday availability, new company policy or even company car arrangements. Latest news and technology stories information on current market trends, predicted advancements and current vendors strategies Product specifications this includes lists of available types of both hardware and software, the features they possess and the situations they best suit. Current pricing catalogues the IT industry is perhaps the most dynamic of all. As such, products and components prices can change on a daily basis . In order to offer competitive prices, sales executives must be aware of this. Competitor information this may include current pricing or product strategies, financial information and company background. New accounting product releases only accounts staff get out be able to judge the effectiveness of new accounts software. As such it is vital that they are able to make an informed decision. Current accounting news and new practices vital for any accounting department wishing to maintain a competitive edge. Such sources also provide help and advice on new practices practiced support information this may be product specific or general tips and usage information Product updates essential applications vital for current systems. As new releases and service packs are issued, this department is responsible for customer receive the right components. Product driver banks due to the large number of products sold, networking employees need access to all drivers concerned with these in order to provide and effective service. Past problems customer specific many problems encountered and repetitive Hardware specific manuals the repairs department are concerned for with hardware failure than software. As such different hardware and configuration manuals are required.As can be seen from the above findings, many of the information sources required by departments overlap with others. This benefits the company from a cost point of view as departments may then share these resources.Implementing the information service indoors Lanway, two main types of information exist, electronic and paper. Therefore in order to effectively use these resources, they must be managed in a way that best allows them to be accessed.All brochure documents received are to be immediately filed in new filing cabinets situated on the sales floor simply because space exists there for them. Each publication is to be filed in alphabetical order under the company heading, with a post it note stapl ed onto it, giving details of the date it was first entered and which employee was responsible for it.The filing cabinets should be reviewed on a 3 month basis and any duplicate/old data should be removed and shredded.Two types of electronic information exist within Lanway internal and external sources. However in order to provide a consistent theme, employees should be able to interface both in the same way. The simplest and most effective method of achieving this is by using web technologies.The internet has evolved over the last 5 years as one of the most important factors for successful business and is continuing to do so. A whole range of resources can be obtained via the internet, including searchable online databases, precocious problem solving systems and other business tools. It would therefore be unwise to attempt to find alternative means of accessing the required data, when the technology already exists and is free for any firm to use.The current network at Lanway all 100mb will remain intact, as this is currently the latest and most cost effective technology available for firms of this size. The internet connection will be upgraded to ASDL from ISDN, therefore lowering operating costs and improving speed.The first step for Lanway will be introduction of an intranet. This will be hosted on a new Microsoft Web server It will be via this that all electronic information will be accessed, including the internet itself. The online news stories will taken from Silicon.com, a free online news resource specifically designed for IT firms. Each user will be given a specific user name and password, so that their entrance page may be tailored to their individual needs.The accounts department will gain their current news and information from Accounting.net, a leading American accounting resource. Once again, the service is free and can be tailored to individuals needs. Both will be accessed via the intranet through absolute URLs created via Active Scripting when users first log on to the Lanway system.All internal company information will be posted on the website, and employees should be made aware of new data through the use of email. An internal mailing list will serve this purpose.Technical support information will be obtained via vendors own websites and subscriptions to Microsoft Technet Novell Support Connection , Symantec Support and 3COM Utilities. The latter sources are comprised of CD-ROMs which arrive on a monthly basis. As such it is recommended that Virtual Drive is purchased, thereby eliminating the need from a CD-ROM network server. Instead, all contents can be copied to the hard drives, creating multiple virtual(prenominal) CD-ROM drives. This improves performance and network reliability.Three new databases are to be set up using SQL server as the base. They will be accessed using web browsers. The first will contain all necessary links to internal applications storage required by technical employees and will also incl ude a brief description of the uses for each application. The second will contain detailed hardware manuals, which if necessary will be scanned in from paper or written by departmental heads. The third will contain past problems related to customer accounts including hardware, software and individual configuration issues.All of the above systems will be fully searchable using CGI scripting via the web browser on all fields contained within the database offering a choice of title, topic of keyword to search on. All employees will be given full access to the databases, however only technical staff will be given rights to add to the system. Again checks on the information stored on to be carried out on a three monthly basis.Information is of key importance to any firm, and that is especially true of Lanway. Because of the nature of the business and the products sold, it is vital that the information stored within the internal systems is accurate, relevant and accessible by all employ ees.By implementing the steps outlined above, many of these issues should be addressed. However it is up-to the company as how successfully they are implemented. Employees will need to be made aware how important the new systems and the new policies that have been introduced are. Only then will the firm begin to see benefits.The costs incurred in this project are minimal, simply because all work can be carried out in house and all products purchased at almost cost, although formal training is certainly recommended something which will need to be outsourced. The new intranet should help to increase the distribution of information and the consistent manner in which employees are able to access the information should in the long term help the new systems to be used effectively.In order to ensure that Lanway obtains the required results, an information audit should be carried out on a yearly basis thereby identifying any problems that have arise from implementation of were overlooked on previous audits.

B&Q Case Study Essay

As data and information are readily available, and information communication technology (ICT) has extremely advanced, organizations such as B&Q need to check up on how association creation can assist to improve internal and external processes and also assist innovation. In task one, the aim is to differentiate between possession of knowledge and practice of knowledge and examine which epistemology B&Q uses throughout their supply chain. B&Q uses possession knowledge whereby it provides all their vendors with a statute of conduct guidelines which they need to follow through.Knowledge is defined as awareness, consciousness, or familiarity gained by association or learning (knowledge, n. d) which are the ways people in a social situations would understand and make sense of where they are and what they are doing. When knowledge is conducted and embraced in an organization, it will result to a group of people who develop shared beliefs, behaviours and routines that shape o rganization capabilities. Experts such as Polanyi (1966), Nonaka (1994) and Cook and Brown (1999) divide knowledge into two categories called tacit knowledge and limpid knowledge.Tacit knowledge is associated with the skills or know-how that people developed through their own experience in specific contexts. Whereas explicit knowledge is something that has been codified, written down or spelled out and is communicable across context. 1. 2 Possession and practice From the word possession itself, one can understand that it is about the knowledge that people have in their mind (Cook and Brown, 1999). Blackler (1995), and Cook and Brown (1999) refer possesion of knowledge as knowledge and practice of knowledge as knowing.Knowledge is a mental or cognitive capacity which is hierarchical in nature and comprises of data, information etc. moreover, possession of knowledge is a somebodyal property where people render meaning from subjective experiences, perceptions and previous understandin g. As human minds are individually unique, hence different people whitethorn perceive and intepret the same information or data differently. Meanwhile, practice of knowledge sees knowledge as something that it developed through social interaction such as project work, group assignment or group discussion.When people practice knowledge, they convert tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge, thus transferring knowledge from one person to another. This is done through sharing stories, experiences or creating norms to a group of people hence enabling the experience of an individual to be related to a wider community. 3. 3 B&Q case B&Q plc works with many vendors such as Kingfisher Asia (KAL) who supply products to B&Q. Hence to manage their vendors and ensure processes and procedures are followed, B&Q come up with code of conduct (B&Q Operational Standards for Supply Chains) for all their vendors.The code of conduct is based on the international labour and envirnmental sta ndards set by the International Labour Organisation (ILO) Conventions which factories and worksites of all vendors throughout the world need to comply to. In summary, vendors need to allow B&Q have full visibility of the enitre supply chain and fulfill and obey the code of conduct criteria at all facilities. Any unsuccessful person to meet the nine Critical Failure Points (CFPs) will result in B&Q not buying or purchasing their products.Through this code of conduct, we can deduce that B&Q adopts a possession of knowledge rather than practice of knowledge. B&Q receives knowledge about labour and environmental guidelines from ILO conventions and uses the basic context to write down or capture in an information technology (IT) system which is thence made available as an organizational resource B&Q Operational Standards for Supply Chains. This is in contrast of having a group discussion with the vendors and seeking their opinions and views on how to create a dampen w orking environment for the workers (practice of knowledge).For example, Baer (1987) and Abbott (1988) explained that in order to defend their position, occupational groups such as doctors would write down or black box their skills and knowledge which is then used by others as guidelines or instructions to follow. B&Q is following the same concept as they wish to guard their position as a responsible organization or employer where the rights of all workers throughout the world are respected and protected. Thus, this results to an encoded knowledge (Blackler, 1995) for the vendors as information is transmited through the code of conduct.

Presidential Election of 1912 Essay

The election of 1912 followed a great victory for Theodore Roosevelt (1901-1908) and a drastic failure for William Howard Taft (1908-1912), as seen through the eyes of the public. Both presidents correspond the Republi piece of tail Party, besides before the elections of 1912 Roosevelt separated, along with his imperfect Republicans and insurgents, and formed a new political party The Progressive Party. Taft remained a Republican and his party in the main consisted of conservatives and Old Guards, as well as some less radical supporters of the Square Deal. During the same period, the Democratic convention nominated Woodrow Wilson, with the help of William Jennings Bryan, who belonged to the progressive wing. entirely candidates focused on the issues of regulating business, interstate commerce, and political reform. Wilson would go on to attack matters concerning the protective tariff, and the flaws in our nations banking system. Although Taft was not as vigorous in ensuing the campaign, because of realization that he already lost public support, many of his ideas still remained in tact.William Howard Taft was a man our nation could trust. During his presidency in 1908, he had promised to address issues largely ignored by Roosevelt, and address them he did. The public may not have seen the actions he likewisek as positive reforms, but when studied, it is almost too evident his presidency has lead to greater good than Roosevelts. He had prosecuted twice as many antitrust cases than Roosevelt. He had established the duty Board to investigate tariff rates, and began to shape this nations federal budget. Having litigated as a judge, whose greatest ambition was to sit on the Supreme Court, Taft can only be labeled a highly intelligent man who abides by the law, and so produces only in good for the Union.If elected, Taft would bring about to a greater extent positive change concerning the tariff issue, and would do so under lawful means. If those who make the bills do so illegitimately, Taft would not recognize them and turn to his vetoing power as president. He believed in strong party ties, and so would make sure everyone in his Republican Party followed the laws made for the benefit of the public. Voting for Taft and his party would serve the country a greater benefit than popularly thought.Theodore Roosevelt cannot be forgotten however. He is the one who set the spark for reform. He is the one who stood up for the volume through any means necessary. Roosevelt believed in the power of the slew, and so would be needed in order to bring about a true democracy. He would give the people the voting power of initiative and referendum. He did not forget our mothers, and would support laws pro-woman suffrage. He believed in every mans correctly to education, and would not deny our new generation what was rightly theirs, that is why he and his Progressive Party would stand up for child labor prohibition. Another computer programme of his progressive package was revision of the currency system, to help our nations economy, and thus help our nations markets and people. Business had been avoiding the law for far too long, and Roosevelt knew it was time to bring about business regulation. The only way to do this would be if his Party was as strong as a bull wapiti, and looking back to his previous presidency in 1901, it is not difficult to see that happening.Woodrow Wilson was another candidate for the public. His party, although split between Democratic conservatives and progressives, would act progressive as a whole, due to the legal ages desire for reform and the Democratic necessity to get back into the House. Wilson was a man of integrity, whose previous careers be this. Eight years as president of Princeton University, he raised standards, improved teaching, and further instilled pragmatic ideology. As governor of New Jersey, he fought political bosses who desire personal gains and wealth, opposite to the inte rests of the people. He would indeed follow by the principles of his political platform The New Freedom, in which he viewed monopolies as evil, hurtful to society, and a closing of free competition.As an advocate against trusts and for competition, he would certainly lower tariff rates, open the American market to foreign products, and at the same time opening foreign markets to American goods. Another part of his reform program, the revision of the baking and currency system, would help the economy by providing business with cheaper and more flexible credit. With every these reform programs, plus Wilsons well known ambition for achievement at high office, it is not difficult to see this man and his party as a successfulstepping stone for our nation as a whole.As it turned out, Wilson did receive the Presidency in 1912, but it seemed the people were almost every bit divided three ways. Because of the split in the Republican vote though, Wilson carried more states and became Pres ident. As soon as Roosevelt left the Republicans and formed his own party, Taft knew the Democrats would nourish the majority of electoral votes. It seems each candidate would have been an able president, but Wilson was without a doubt the best candidate. Tafts party was left with a majority of conservatives who would hold power in various offices, and try their best to outwit the public in their own favor. Roosevelts party, although funded adequately by wealthy business people pro-reform, was full of amateurs who knew little about politics and its system. Woodrow Wilsons party was the best, because of their experience in politics and platform for reform.

Effects of globalization on the politics of China Essay

Arguably globalization has served chinas communistic rulers well. (Yahuda Chinas Win-Win Globalization) On the political front too, Chinese rulers welcomed globalization rather used it as a tool for the fulfillment of their own purposes. It was suspected that globalization would throw the communist rule out of the country once globalization had set foot firmly in the cultural and economic roots. However, it proved far from it, in incident it promoted the communist rule since all the well balanced economic growth took place in their era and reinforced the existing rulers.The communist party has approach the challenges bravely and tackled them skillfully in order to prove themselves. It has accomplished three significant generational changes of go alongership from the heroic founding fathers, to the technocratic Soviet-educated engineers of the generation of Jiang Zemin and Li Peng, and instanter to the next technocratic generation, headed by Hu Jintao. (Yahuda Chinas Win-Win Globalization) The political front of China has been altogether revolutionized and as its foreign policy.The altered foreign policy has strengthened its external relations and has improved its position which was highly essential for supporting and continuing its the success of its economic strategies. Environmental spot Please Note that this is the ethical issue chosen from a range of women rights environmental etc specified in your order International trade, economy and politics make it essential for all the countries and regions to abide by unrelenting rules regarding environmental protection.This has lead countries to take effective steps to improve their countries environmental conditions to meet the standards set by the international community. Involvement of various states has lead to the approach of global environmental challenges that can not be solved without international cooperation, such as climate change, cross-boundary water and air pollution, over-fishing of the oc ean, and the spread of invasive species. some factories are built in developing countries where they can pollute freely. (Globalization Wikipedia) Hence rules have been made and have to strongly implemented in countries which are realizable suspects of spreading pollution. In case of China, globalization has played a vital role in developing the environmental culture. If seen closely initially globalization lead to rapid industrialization which was a major source of pollution. International community with time seemed to give more importance to the environmental issue than to the actual economic growth of a country.It argued that economic growth at the cost of spoiling the environment was not at all acceptable. Pollution is invariably one of the first off impressions visitor forms of China. From bicycles to cars in 25 years, urban China rarely sees much in the way of blue sky anymore. Rapid and large-scale industrialization tho compounds the line. (Roach) However, China struggl ed hard to fight off this chore since international issues got stricter regarding the environmental issue.It is however, highly difficult for China to balance between its economy and the pollution problem it faces. Environmental problem has risen to an extent that China could serious problems if the international community places restrictions on it because of its environmental problem. It is a sorry state of affairs that globalization has lead China to develop into one of the most rapidly growing countries and at the same time it has harbored a much concerned problem for it desire environmental pollution. On the cost of its economy it has damaged its own environment for good.However, China has planned a strategy of balancing its economy and the pollution problem in order to reduce the current pollution and minimize future pollution possibilities.Works Cited Globalization Wikipedia. 21 April 2008. Khan, Azizur Rehman and Riskin, Carl. Inequality and Poverty in China in the age of Globalization. 2001. Oxford. Roach, Stephen S. Chinas Environmental Moment of Truth. April 4 2007. The Globalist. 21 April 2008. Rothkop, David. In Praise of Cultural Imperialism? Effects of Globalization on Culture June 22, 1997. Global policy Forum. 21 April 2008. Weller, Robert P. Discovering Nature Globalization and Environmental Culture in China and Taiwan. 2006. Cambridge University Press. Yahuda, Michael. Chinas Win-Win Globalization. Yale global online. 21 April 2008. http//yaleglobal. yale. edu/display. article? id=1017&page=2

The Island of Dr. Moreau (1996 Film)

The Island of Dr. Moreau ( 1996 Film )For this assignment I have chosen to discourse the movie The Island of Dr. Moreau . This movie was released in 1996 based on H.G. Wells novel. After acquiring past the horrific and ghastly scenes and cliff-hanging state of affairss, I found the nucleus issue of Eugenics sort of intriguing. Eugenicss is the survey of trying to better specific desirable traits in worlds by commanding reproduction. The most flagitious illustration of this in history contribute be found in the patterns of the Nazis before and during World War 2. That topic is for an new(prenominal) clip, back to Dr. Moreau.The film opens with the narrative of Edward Douglass, a United Nations worker, whom is maroon on an inflatable raft in the s let outhern Pacific after his plane has crashed. He is rescued by a adult male named capital of Alabama, and issuingn to Moreaus island. His initial conversations with capital of Alabama are met with unusual replies to Edwards inquiries and many of the inquiries left unreciprocated. As the two thrust into the compound, capital of Alabama explains the islands history to Edward, and when they make a halt to drop off some coneies, Edward is surprised when Montgomery totally of a sudden snaps on of the rabbits cervixs. Montgomery so explains to Edward that they jadet eat meat on the island, barely he bring forwards the Doctor will do an exclusion in thsi particular instance.Once at the chieftain house, Edward is instructed to remain indoors. While waiting for Montgomery to return, he views Dr. Moreau s Nobel Peace Prize for Genetic Manipulation. Edward does non follow Montgomerys way to remain put, and meets Moreau s girl, Aissa. Upon Montgomerys return, she flees and after Edward states how beautiful she is, Montgomery states shes a pussycat . He so leads Edward to his quarters. As the two walk, they discuss Dr. Moreaus work, which Montgomery explains is swinish research that the Doctor has become obsessed with. He so portions that Dr. Moreau was forced out of the U.S. due to animal rights militants and has been on the island 17 old ages. Montgomery explains that he came to the island 10 old ages prior after Moreau began correspondence with him after reading his publication. At that point, Montgomery walks Edward into his room, and locks him in.Edward is disquieted to state the least, and manages to pick the lock and pull ahead out of the room. As he explores, he finds his manner into a lab filled with lively beings in coops, and what ab initio looks identical a adult feminine in labour fixing to present. As Edward creeps closer, the female specimen who is clearly a genetically mutated delivers a cleft roof of the mouth chaff of kinds and he springinesss himself off with a pant. As he runs out of the lab, which is filled with containers of dead childish specimens of changing mutants, he hides in the forests. Aissa finds him and offers to assist him acquire of the island, but merely if he does nil to alarm her male parent. Montgomery shouts that there are many unstable phenomenon out at that place, take heedking to lure Edward to return. As Edward and Aissa run, they pass another mutated animal banqueting on a coney. When spotted, the animal-like animal looks at them and so runs off, go throughing another mutated animal. Aissa takes Edward to a cantonment of many mutated animals when, instead quickly, Montgomery and The Father ( Dr. Moreau ) arrive.At this point in the film it is ill-defined precisely whom the evil character truly is. Montgomery is indicating a gun at Edward and Dr. Moreau instructs him to give the gun to Edward as he is frightened. As the animal that was eating the coney refuses to endorse off from Edward, Dr. Moreau pushes a button on his amulet like necklace, bring oning terrible hurting from electrical sock in the animals. If one hasnt realized things are truly out of balance by now, it is all excessively apparent now. Dr. Moreau insists they return to the house and acquire out of the Sun.Once back at the house, Edward and Dr. Moreau discuss the state of affairs, which Edward states is demonic. Dr. Moreau explains that all of those that Edward has ingestn are animate beings coalesced with human cistrons. As the Doctor sense Edward is appalled and unreceptive, they adjourn until dinner that flushing. At dinner Dr. Moreau explains that the Satan is found in worlds and he has seen it in his microscope. He explains that each animal represents a measure in his procedure to eliminate the imperfectnesss ( destructive elements ) in the human mind. Dr. Moreau besides states that he is closer to than of all magazine in detecting flawlessness in his work. After the cooked coney is served, to the Doctors great discouragement, the film turns.After rousing from incubuss, Edward tries to contain away on the boat, merely to extend to a greater extent mutated animals on the boat. The following twenty-four hours, one of the anima ls is on test for interrupting the jurisprudence and is killed by one of the Doctors boies, Azazello. This brings great imbalance in his creative activities, as the regulations they have set Forths have been broken. After the cremation of the wrongdoer, the animals best friend, Hyena-swine, finds the implant that has been placed in all the animals which the Doctor and Montgomery usage to maintain control. Hyena-swine figures out how to take out his implant, puting farther funny farm into gesture. Uncovering to Montgomery that he has removed his implants, Edward learns that the animals are given regular injections to maintain them from regressing into their original signifier. While these events are intensifying, we see Montgomery steal further into lunacy, as he is self-medicating with narcotic cocktails, holding lost his hereafter and calling to the attention pickings of Dr. Moreau s animals.Unfortunately, Hyena-Swine is non found, and removes the implants from several other anima ls, and saddle horses an onslaught on the compound. They foremost come in softly, and have a brief brush with Dr. Moreau, which ends in his decease from their onslaught after he tries to floor them for misbehaviour. This is, gratefully, the beginning of the terminal of this dismaying narrative. Edward witnesses Dr. Moreaus slaying by his ain creative activities, and amenitiess Aissa at the loss of her male parent.As Edward has slightly travel for Aissa, he tries to assist her happen the serum to maintain her in human signifier. While seeking, Edward discovers that his familial codification was the key to Dr. Moreaus concluding end, which was utilizing Edwards deoxyribonucleic acid to halt Aissas arrested development. Unfortunately, Montgomery has destroyed all the serum, and holding lost his head, assumed the function of Father . Azazello has besides joined the Hyena battalion, and they set out to destruct those still loyal to Dr. Moreaus jurisprudence. The dock is exploded, Montg omery is murdered, Aissa is hung by her brother, Azazello and the concluding confrontation begins. Edward is brought in forepart of Hyena-swine, and is miraculously able to confound the anarchist creatures into killing each other, therefore stoping the slaughter. As Edward leaves the island on a of course built raft, he offers to convey back physicians to assist the animals. The few that remain valued to merely be left to nature.Although the film had a really interesting scientific premiss, I felt it focused excessively much on the bloodshed and crime of these animals. Possibly that was the point. Familial experimentation can be extremely good in certain applications, but I feel that Dr. Moreau was so playacting at being God. It was stated by Montgomery that Dr. Moreau precious to do animals work forces, and work forces Gods . Things most decidedly did non travel as planned.There are many facets of this narrative to be discussed. Dr. Moreau wanted to better world by extinguishing the negative traits, in his sentiment. Eugenicss has ever found contention. discriminating genteelness is non anything new, as swayers have been making this for millenary. Granted, each civilization has its ain desirable traits, but nature still has control of the creative activity. The ancient Greeks had a tradition of go forthing distorted babes to the wolves. Not precisely humane, but perchance the beginnings of Eugenicss.Whether or non Dr. Moreau was truly seeking to better the human status is problematic to me. He surely crossed all kinds of lines in nature, the most basic being uniting animate being and human cistrons. If nature had meant for engendering between of species, I think we would hold seen many more centaurs, mermaids, and such, over the ages. It was ill-defined to me why the physician had chosen to blend the animate being and human cistrons. I did non see how carnal cistrons would profit worlds into being more teachable, loving animals. Had Dr. Moreau been experi menting with more domesticated animate beings, instead than wild, possibly he would non hold met the same terminal.Dr. Moreau was surely to fault for the pandemonium that arose from the island. Did he truly think that animate beings whose cistrons have been manipulated ( fused ) with human genetic sciences would non larn? There were several illustrations of different degrees of acquisition and personality traits. Azazello wanted to delight Dr. Moreau, but besides desired to suit in with the battalion and Hunt. He was really protective of Father , so much so he killed the animal that violated the law . Azazello seems to hold been, originally, a runing strain of Canis familiaris, as they reference his love of the Hunt several times during the film. Aissa was really docile and graceful, much like the cat she was inferred to be. She besides had a sense of danger and where to travel to for aid. Hyena-swine was a battalion animate being and rebelled when one of his pack was killed. He wan ted to rule the country, but besides wanted to understand the differences between him and Dr. Moreau. Dr. Moreau had a dual criterion from what I could state. One of his boies could read rather good, and the fine animal that acted as a personal retainer to him, played the piano in an impressive manner. On the flipside, Dr. Moreau used daze therapy to maintain the other animate beings submissive. It was clear it caused them great hurting, which they came to resent. When and why did he happen the demand to hold the implant put in all the specimens?The carnal experimentation was beyond unimpeachable degrees, as the film writer even portions this sentiment, in the duologue that explains how Dr. Moreau was kicked out of America due to the Animal Rights militants. In the beginning and terminal of the film we see the interior of one of the labs with unchanged life wild animate beings, and preserved illustrations of 1s that did non keep life after some sort of process. The animate beings surely could non give informed consent before Dr. Moreau treated them, but people must ever hold the option. This misdemeanor of Edwardss personal right to his ain familial stuff brings up more of Dr. Moreaus questionable medical patterns, values, and moralss. It could be argued that Montgomery did non cognize whether or non Edward would do it, and knew the physician needed new specimens. all manner, his familial design was taken signifier him without his permission.Although the bulk of the incrimination for the brainsick topographic point the island became remainders on Dr. Moreau, Montgomery was besides partly responsible. Montgomery follows the adulterates directives, and kept the animals in cheque. He shows understanding for the animals with the gifts he adds to their vaccinations. He was clearly fighting at times to maintain it together, and seemed to be unhappy with things overall. It seemed that Montgomery did non cognize what he was acquiring into ab initio, and disliked i t greatly, but was relieved that he had the doctors favour. Montgomerys character was one of discombobulation as good, being that he had the chance to travel elsewhere, but returned to island. The state of affairs I find most saddening is the fact that Montgomerys get bying mechanism for all that is has become one, many, or assorted narcotics.Geneticss is, and ever has been, an endless and fascinating survey into how the organic structure works, what may be incorrect with it, and what can we make to better peoples lives. The film focused on familial mutant, research, and carnal experimentation, go forthing tonss of inquiries on the inside informations of the work. In my sentiment, it would hold been more effectual at pass oning the issues related to the familial mutant side of things if there had been a small less focal point on the horror and more on the scientific discipline. The grotesquery of the animate beings did, nevertheless, conveying focal point to the bounds we must put on experimentation of any sort. I think the lesson of the film could be that you can set the adult male in the animate being, but you cant take the animate being out of the adult male.

Change is a consistent issue for the modern organisation. Discuss the various ways in which the employee may offer effective resistance to this change.

Abstract Modern organisations are consistently prone to organisational qualify. wobble reflects business growth and represents the commands of society. Hence, businesses often make careens in accordance with societal needs by focusing on the customer and marketing as opposed to focusing purely on production (The Times, 2012 1). Whilst wobble is often viewed positively, this is not always the case and shift is sometimes resisted by habituateees. This happens for a event of different reasons with one of the main ones being surprise. Employees generally dont appreciate alterations being made unexpectedly as it provides them with a threatening nose let on of imbalance in the workplace (Kreitner, 2008 434). A lack of translateing and a lack of skills are further reasons wherefore employees whitethorn want to resist revision and unless effective training on modification is provided, employees go away most likely view positive transposes negatively (Kreitner, 2008 434). The various ways in which the employee whitethorn cite resistance to alter impart be discussed in this leaven by analysing a range of models and frameworks that help to establish the effectiveness of neuter.IntroductionEmployee resistance to change bed be undesirable as it places an obstacle in the way of business development and organisational change. However, there are certain circumstances where employee resistance to change is viewed in a positive light. By resisting change and demonstrating their reasons for doing so, employees may actually be encouraging change by extending alternative solutions and options. As pointed out by de Jager the idea that eitherone who questions the need for change has an attitude problem is simply wrong, not only because it discounts past achievements, but overly because it makes us vulnerable to indiscriminating and ill-advised change (de Jager, 2001 25). Therefore, whilst some may consider employee resistance to change disrespectful and unf ounded (Piderit, 2000 26), others may be consider it to be rattling effective, very powerful and a very useful survival mechanism (de Jager, 2001 25). An employer may want to instigate organisational change that is inappropriate or wrong and just as conflict back sometimes be used constructively for change, legitimate resistance might bring about additional organizational change (Folger and Skarlicki, 1999 37).This essay will demonstrate how employees fag end offer legitimate resistance to change by suggesting alternative organisational change structures that will help to pass on sustainability and assist in business development. This will be done by looking at various organisational change models and frameworks that will provide employees with the ability to resist change by offering additional options, which they believe will be in the best interests of the organisation. Employee resistance may lead to proposed change initiatives being revaluated by management who may then con sider the most appropriate change for the business, as recommended by the employee. The process of change within an organisation isnt just about creating a change that respective(prenominal)s will be able to resist, but rather the transition that will accommodate the change (Bridges, 1991 3). Unless transition occurs, it is unlikely that the change will be effective. It is thus strategic that employees are capable of resisting change so that they rouse offer alternative solutions that may be better suited to organisational needs. Consequently, employee resistance to change is an important contributor to implementing effective change within an organisation.Main Body Burke-Litwin Model (1992) The administrational Transformation Process, developed by Burke and Litwin (1992 1), is one of the main models that can be used to implement change within an organisation. Employees can use this model to offer resistance to change by offering alternative solutions that would be better suited to the organisation. Employees can use this model to show the various drivers of change by ranking them in terms of importance (Jex, 2002 442). The most important factors are featured at the top, with the lower layers becoming progressively less important. By using this model, an employee will be able to demonstrate that all of the factors for change are interrelated and that a change in one factor will affect a change in all of the other factors. Organisations then have to consider whether the impact a change will have upon the other factors will help the business to remain sustainable (Hertwich, 2006 10). As the outside(a) environment is at the top of the model, this is the main factor that is likely to influence change. An employee can resist change by offering an alternative solution that takes into explanation the needs of the external environment ( founding Commission on Environment and Development, 2011 1).Porras and Robertsons Model (1992)Porras and Robertsons Model of Or ganisational Change was developed in 1992 to help individuals understand how to approach organisational change. This model is similar to the Burke-Litwin model in that it suggests that the external environment is the main influencer of organisational change. However, this model in like manner suggests that the objectives of the organisation are the main drivers of change and that organisational arrangement, forcible setting, social factors and technology all contribute to the changing environment of any organisation. In effect, an employee will be able to rely on this model to in effect resist change by signifying how the change is not in accordance with the overall objectives of the business. Instead they can offer an alternative change solution that is to a greater extent akin to the organisational arrangement and physical setting of the business as well as social factors and technology. A change can be offered that improves the performance of the organisation, whilst besides seeking to advance individual development. Hence, as has been established demeanour change is the key mediating variable in organisational change (Jex, 2002 444). If an employee can demonstrate that individual behaviour will be modified in accordance with the needs of the external environment, organisational change will most likely occur. As this model focuses on individual behaviour, desired work behaviours will be better achieved, which will affect the disposition of the organisation overall. This theory does not, however, focus on modern ways of mentation and subsequently fails to adapt to take into account the changing environment.Lewins Force Field AnalysisThe Force Field Analysis model, developed by Lewin in 1951 will help an employee to resist change by providing a framework which looks at the restraining factors (forces) to change. In this analysis, there are two different types of forces, which are forces for change (driving forces) and forces against change (resisting f orces). An employee can use the resisting forces to prevent a particular change from happening and use the driving forces to offer an alternative change. These forces can help the employee to alleviate any problems that are likely to arise with change management by helping the organisation to understand the effects a change will have upon the organisation. In demonstrating why a particular change should not take place, the employee will be required to show that the restraining forces exceed the driving forces. If this can be ascertain then the organisation change should not take effect. If the employees want to propose an alternative change, they will be required to show that driving forces of the new proposed change exceed the restraining forces. If they can establish this, then the new change should take place as it would be considered beneficial to the organisation. This model is useful to frame a process of change as it is easy to understand, though it seems as though each stag e could in fact be expanded so that individuals can understand the process of change a lot more(prenominal) easily.Porters Generic Value Chain Analysis The Value Chain Theory, developed by Michael Porter, helps organisations to decide whether changes to the structure of the organisation are required (Porter et al 2007 706). An employee can use this model to demonstrate how the organisation does not need the change it wants to resist. The employee can do this by analysing the activities of the organisation, and the costs associated with them, to decide whether the proposed activity is profitable or not. The value chain activities consist of primary and support activities. Whilst the primary activities consist of incoming logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales and service, the support activities consist of procurement, infrastructure, human resource management and technological development (Porter et al 2007 706). The aim of reviewing these activities is to c onsider whether the customer can be offered a level of value that exceeds the costs of the activities, resulting in a profit. This will also depend upon whether the organisations activities can be performed efficiently. By using this concept, the employee will be able to demonstrate that the customer cannot be offered a level of value that exceeds the cost of the activities and that no profit can be obtained from the change as a result. This is an effective way an employee will be able to resist change as it provides the employee with the chance to demonstrate how the proposed change does not have any profitable value. Nonetheless, it is likely to prove extremely difficult for an employee to implement this model due to the fact that employees will not have access to certain info about the organisation and the change.Change Analysis Process Because of how important it is for organisational changes to be decorously analysed before they are implemented in order to minimise any associ ated risks, an employee could employ the change analysis process to deny the changes they wish to resist. Because an organisation needs to be able to adapt to change (Brier et al, 2011 1) the identification and codification of change scenarios is required for the change process to take effect. The process of change requires organisations to adapt to current situations, as opposed to the creation of solutions (Brier et al, 2011 1). The change analysis process can wherefore be used analyse the change by considering the impact the change is likely to have and then subsequently considering whether it should be approved or denied. In resisting change, employees can use this analysis process to shake off forward their reasons why the change ought to be denied. Whether an employer will take into account the views of the employee is another matter and it seems as though the employee will still be required to overcome many obstacles when putting forward its views and opinions.Realistic Ev aluation Model The Realistic Evaluation Model could also be used to demonstrate the ineffectiveness of the proposed change. This will provide the employee with the ability to demonstrate the impact the change will have upon the organisation through jar against evaluation. This model is suitable for employees to offer effective resistance to change as the evidence will be based upon realistic ideas and concepts about the change. A proper assessment can then be made about the ineffectiveness of the change so that it can be resisted (Rycroft-Malone et al, 2010 38). This model is quite similar to Lewins Force Field Analysis in that it will enable the employee to review what is expected from the change, whilst also identifying any problems. The employee will also be able to put forward any associated risks with the change, which will most likely ensure that their resistance is effective. This approach provides a useful framework for helping employees to develop explanations about why t he change should be resisted, which it will then be able to present in a coherent way (Rycroft-Malone et al, 2010 38).Summary/ConclusionsGiven the impact organisational change has upon employees, it is unsurprising that resistance to change will often occur. Whilst such resistance to change can have a negative impact upon the organisation, it can also be considered positive on the basis that employees may be encouraging further change by offering alternative solutions and options. In resisting change employees may consequently be able to demonstrate alternative options for change, which may generate better ideas that are more suited to organisational needs. Not only do organisations need to be able to satisfy the needs of its consumers, but they will also be required to satisfy the needs of their employees. This will not only promote the success of the business but it will also lead to economic growth. Employees need to be able to identify and develop change strategies which help to meet organisational objectives and prevent undesirable changes from being made. Any risks that are associated with change will be capable of being overcome by the adoption of alternative change structures. In order to effectively resist change, employees will thus be required to adopt various change management models and frameworks so that they can offer appropriate solutions to the proposed changes. Not only will this prevent undesirable changes from being implemented, but additional strategies will also be developed. In resisting change, employees will be able to demonstrate that the possible risks associated with the particular change outweigh any benefits. Once this can be established, it is unlikely that the organisation will implement the change and any alternative suggestions will most likely be welcomed. It is important that organisations listen to the views of employees as they may be able to offer solutions that are more applicable and better suited to the needs of the or ganisation.References Bridges, W. (1991). Managing transitions making the most of change. Reading, MA Wesley Publishing Company.Brier, J. Rapanotti, L. and Hall, J. G. (2011) Problem Based Analysis of Organisational Change A Real World Example, Online Available mcs.open.ac.uk/jb9242/jbwebpapers/submittediwaapf06paper.pdf 18 August 2014.Burke, W. W. and Litwin, G. H. (1992) Transformational Change and Transactional Change. Explanation of the Casual Model of Organisational Performance and Change, Online Available http//www.12manage.com/methods_burke_litwin_model.html 18 August 2014.de Jager, P. (2001). Resistance to change a new view of an anile problem. The Futurist, 24-27.Folger, R. & Skarlicki, D. (1999). Unfairness and resistance to change hardship as mistreatment, Journal of Organizational Change Management, 35-50.Jex, S. M. (2002) Organisational Psychology A Scientist-Practitioner Approach London John Wiley & Sons.Kreitner, R. (2008) Principles of Management, London Cengage Lea rning, eleventh Edition, London Business & Economics.Lewin, K. (1951) Field Theory in Social Science, New York Harper and Row.Piderit, S.K. (2000). Rethinking resistance and recognizing ambivalence a multidimensional view of attitudes toward an organizational change. honorary society of Management -794. A, 783.Porter, M. E., Marciano, S., and Warhurst, S. (2007) De Beers Addressing the New Competitiveness Challenges, Harvard Business School Case 0-706-501.The Times. (2012) The Organisation and Change, Operations Theory, Online Available http//businesscasestudies.co.uk/business-theory/operations/the-organisation-and-change.htmlaxzz2H6FILJP6 18 August 2014.Walonick, D. S. (1993) General Systems Theory, Online Available http//www.statpac.org/walonick/systems-theory.htm 18 August 2014.Wendell, F. and Bell, C. (1999) Organisation Development, New Jersey Prentice Hall.

Moringa Oleifera as an Alternative Detergent

1 Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM Introduction This case about Moringa Oleifera enables the creation of a new homemade detergent and its target to purify material and furniture. This film will prove that even vegetables like Malunggay stack also be apply as house cleaners. This study will try to rectify the cleaning male monarchs of the other mercenary detergents by adding malunggay conjure up to it. It will prove that the power of malunggay is not expressage and this will prove the great un process wrong. They think malunggay can only be used as medicines or food, but the researchers study, Malunggays purpose is to be a liquid detergent.There is a great possibility that malunggays power can also clean items in the household. The target of this study is to improve the progress of cleanliness in our economy. Malunggay can clean and it can dissolve land in a great speed. Chemically speaking, there is a great possibility that malunggays chlorophyll might demand the power not the leave s itself. The last in doing this study was made during this late year of 2011 since herbal products such as malunggay shampoos and conditioners.These herbal items are greatly needed by the public trade not because only it has a small price, but also it has an effect. Malunggay can clean stains and dissolve them in a great time. Testing malunggays power but sooner and sooner, malunggays power can be soon unveiled and discovered. When this happens, there will be a great upgrade in the whole economy. 2 Statement of the Problem Moringa Oleifera as an alternative detergent This study will be conducted to develop a horseradish (Moringacae/Moringa Oleifera) liquid detergent.Specifically, this study will attempt to answer the following questions. 1. How long does it take for the moringa detergent to remove stains? 1. 1 Catsup 1. 2Coffee 1. Is moringa detergent better than the stain removing capacity of the commercial-grade detergent? Significance of the study This study will contribute t o a growing number of demands to a commercial detergent by helping people work easier and finish earlier. People need many detergents for their works such as cleaning clothes but with malunggay detergents, you can clean in full 2-5 wipes the furniture.This can also motivate and challenge school authorities to a cleaner and have a less stress and its only for a low cost price. This can contribute to household maids and moms so that they would not have a hard time in removing stains that need to be washed out for a very long time. Scope and Delimitation This study is focused on making an alternative liquid detergent from malunggay. This study is limited to only using malunggay as a detergent not as using this as shampoos and conditioners.The investigation is concerned on the economy of the Philippines may go through down to poverty because of high prices of items in the public market which are needed in great amount have a high cost. This study does not only want the economy of the Philippines but also the worlds economy because it can contribute to world safety because it does not have poisonous and hazardous to health chemicals. In the way, we can contribute to the economy, we can save lives, and we can save Mother Earth. 8 Chapter 3 METHODOLOGY This chapter presents the rule and procedure in conducting the study.This includes the Research Design, Materials and Instrumentation, Collection of materials, Preparation of Treatments, Detergent Making, Testing and Evaluation of the Detergents Quality and, Statistical Treatment. Research Design The researchers used CRD or Completely Randomized Design because this study has replications of treatments (R) was assigned completely at random to independent experimental subjects. This study has 2 treatments T1 = Control and T2 = Malunggay (Moringa Oleifera). Materials and InstrumentationThis experimentation used 1 mL of Malunggay extract, 1 mL of Malunggays chlorophyll, 10 samples of Malunggay seeds. Collection of Mate rials This experiment was done in General Santos City. 1 mL of Malunggay extract and 1 mL of Malunggays chlorophyll was from General Santos City. The 10 samples of Malunggay seeds are from the local residences in one of our researchers. 9 Preparation of Treatments Malunggay Extract (mL) Treatments T1 R2 R1 T2 R2 R1 LEGEND T- Treatments R- restoration 10 Experimental Layout T2R1 T1R1 T2R2 T1R2 Legend T Treatment T2 Malunggay E. T1 ControlR Replication 11 Detergent MakingIn making this detergent, you will need 2 cups of distilled water, Fragrance, 4 packs of unflavored gelatin, an leisure jar and, Red food coloring. Heat one cup of distilled water until it boils. Then, stir in 4 packages of unflavored gelatin until dissolved. Remove the mixture from heat up and stir in another 1 cup of distilled water. Add 10-20 drops of fragrance and coloring. Pour Malunggay extract and Chlorophyll into the mixture. Stir the mixture then place in a cold temperature for approximately 5-10 minut es. Pour the gel into a clean jar or a small container. Testing and Evaluation of the Detergents QualityThe Malunggay detergent was compared to a commercial detergent by sinking them in the said(prenominal) size of a pail and at the same time with the same number of water and limit of detergent. The same stains were also added. Photographs were taken for public documentations. Statistical Analysis (ANOVA) It used the t-test dependent to determine the significant differences in the twain treatments and replications and to understand the statistical independence of one treatment to another treatment on another material and t-test was used to determine which detergent was faster rich to clean the same amount of stains. 2 Chapter IV Results and Discussion This chapter presents and explains the data gathered in texture, graphical and tabular manner. Table 4. 1 Mean period in Removing Catsup Stains Treatments R1 R2 R3 Mean T1(Commercial) 13. 00s 17. 05s 17. 00s 15. 22s T2(Malunggay) 1 1. 25s 12. 35s 15. 17s 12. 59s Table 4. 2 Mean Duration in Removing Coffee Stains Treatments R1 R2 R3 Mean T1(Commercial) 17. 25s 18. 14s 17. 25s 15. 51s T2(Malunggay) 18. 35s 25. 17 15. 21s 17. 91sFrom the table, it could be seen that replicates 1, 2 and, 3 contemplate the seconds in cleaning the stains by each detergent. The mean season in removing catsup stains using T2 (Malunggay) is much faster at 12. 59s compared to T1 (commercial detergent) which is at 15. 22s. However, the mean duration in removing coffee stains using Malunggay was a bit higher at 17. 91s. The above data prove that Malunggay is indeed an effective household material in removing stains. 13 Chapter V CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONSThis chapter states in concise form the generalization in the form of conclusions and the solutions to the problem in the form of recommendations. Conclusions Based on the analysis of the results of this study, the researchers arrived at the following conclusions 1. For the Moringa Oleifera detergent to remove the stains, it takes 1. 1) 12. 59s to remove the Catsup Stains 1. 2) 17. 91s to remove the Coffee Stains 2. Moringa detergent is better than the stain removing capacity of the commercial detergent because it can clean faster without much scrubbing.Recommendations There were factors of the study that need further analysis and consideration. To this, extent, the researchers came up with the following recommendations 1. Antibacterial Activity Test of Moringa detergent should be conducted. 2. gain ground studies to the potency of Moringa detergent in removing stains such as chocolate, soy sauce and alike should be done. 14 Abstract This study reveals the use of Moringa Oleifera or locally known as Malunggay, as an alternative detergent in cleaning fabrics and furniture.The alternative detergent was tested against the commercial detergent, by measuring the estimated time both detergents could clean. The outcome of the test was that the newly made detergent almost has the same estimated time with the commercial detergent, but cleaning the stains needs more scrubbing if the commercial detergent is used, while on the other hand, cleaning the stains with the alternative detergent provides less scrubbing. Thus, Moringa liquid detergent is an effective household material in removing stains.

Traditional Leadership

Traditional Leadership And E-Leadership A Study of Organizational Effectiveness In Todays Scenario. CONTENTS TOPIC PAGE NO. 1). INTRODUCTION 3-7 2). NEED FOR THE STUDY 8 3). OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 9 4). SCOPE OF THE STUDY 10-11 ). RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 12 6). writings reexamine 13 7). EXPECTED function OF 14 THE RESEARCH WORK INTRODUCTION It has been accepted as a truism that good lead is essential to every concern whether its business government or innumerous groupings of organizations. Leadership shapes the world we elaborate, play and live.If Leadership is such a crucial factor and so, the critical bother is What brands a great leader? Its tempting to answer Great followers Although there lies rough truth in this response the issue is practically more complex. Leadership has been described as the procedure of social mold in which one person bathroom enlist the aid and support of others in the accomplishment of a common task. A definition more inclusive of follow ers go intos from Alan Keith of Genentech who verbalize Leadership is ultimately ab step up creating a way for people to contribute to making something extraordinary happen. The author of such influence can be formal, such as one provided by the possession of managerial ranks in organizations. But not all the leaders are managers and the vice-versa withal holds equally true. Non-sanctioned leadership-that is, the ability to influence that arises outside the formal organization- is as important as or more important than formal influence. In other words, leaders can emerge from within a group or can be formally appointed. It comes clearly that leadership is a process of influencing others towards achievement of a goal. It is this influence part that makes this fancy so crucial.As a send, leadership is as old as mankind or flat more, but as a concept of subject field it is of a recent origin. In the past few years numerous literatures has been developed to lay emphasis on the t opic. Numerous studies form been do and theories bring forth been developed. All these theories grant one thing in common, and that is the influencing others factor. Over the years world has never remained stagnant and same is the case with leadership also. With cartridge holder new concepts and paradigms have been added while the old ones in the main remains after accommodating certain new phenomenon.Since the time the concept has been formally studied, numerous theories have been developed to explain its dynamics. Some of the intimately read and accepted theories of leadership are the Trait theories, behavioral theories (Ohio State Studies, University of Michigan Studies and The Managerial Grid) and Contingency Theories. The above said three theories are considered as the croaked-down theories of leadership . It is with these studies that leadership has achieved its present status of a formal topic of study, if not a steal discipline.The latest paradigm in the study of leadership is the concept of E-Leadership. The concept has emerged as an answer to the misgiving of bringing together, the skills and talents across national, geographic, cultural and other boundaries, using communications technologies tools to achieve results. E-Leadership stands for balancing many roles and carrying them out via communications technologies. E-leadership has emerged as solutions to the issues emerging at the back drop of the development of practical(prenominal) organizations and global village.Organizations forthwith are found using the concept of E-leadership in order to integrate their human and material resources, which whitethorn lie across national boundaries, to achieve organizational goals and to append their organizational worth. Under such organizational structure, where it is not possible to arrange frequent confluxs or any such face to face interactions betwixt personnel, and the orders and permissions has to travel thousands of miles within secon ds, E-leadership can be the solution to such critical issues. E-leadership is a term utilize when a leader must preside over a geographically dispersed or virtual group.Not universe physically close to your subordinates poses many problems for a leader. An e-leader thus must be specially effective at team building and communication in non-traditional modes. Since face-to-face communication is absent, e-leaders must boost frequent communication and use multiple modes of communication where appropriate. In order to facilitate group cohesion, it may behoove the leader to gather the team together initially to have a face-to-face meeting so team members can get to know each other personally.If this is not possible, frequent group discussions should be directed by the leader online to ensure communication between group members. E-leaders must also impose structure and routine on the group by setting goals for team members and tracking their progress. This imparting help team membe rs make sure they are making progress and will help them face like they are a valu sufficient part of the team. Proponents of E-leadership are promoting the concept in order to increase the organizational worth and in the process the concepts of traditional theories of leaderships are been found undermined.Although e-leadership has its drawbacks, it also has some advantages and in some cases is simply required. Below are some of its advantages It allows for the fastest responses and best ways to keep up with the competition (e. g. , benchmarking). It allows for employees to work at home (i. e. , telework), which in some studies has been faten to reduce work-family conflict. This allows for complementarities of skills that is, a leader can create a really effective team by choosing the best candidates from a wide alteration of locations.Since team members come from many different places, they may be able to provide unique perspectives, enhancing the teams creativity and innova tion, which may lead to an increase in productivity through and through case studies of organizations, this look paper is an attempt to bring out the contribution of traditional theories in the determining organizational durability and the contribution of E-leadership in the same. Through this query work it would be seen as to how E-leadership would assure true demand of group members in a virtual organization when members are physically not visible to one another.NEED FOR THE STUDY The changing requirements of organizations in the context of cross border, cross assimilation functioning which calls for high leadership effectiveness is the first and foremost need for doing research on this field. Also the increasing literary emphasis on changes in addition to the existing patterns of traditional leadership styles also arises the need to study this phenomenon. The new evolving concept of E-leadership is also redefining the traditional practices of leadership in todays context in various organizations. OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 1.Research would aim to provide a new insight into the practice of leadership, its basic concepts, theories, and advantages leadership. 2. The research would aim to analyze the importance of leadership in the trustworthy business scenario. 3. Through certain organizational case studies, the research would bring out clearly the changing trend in styles of leadership being adopted in the organization. 4. To make a detailed comparison between traditional leadership and E-leadership styles in the context of current business environment and to indicate as to how they are complementary color to each other.SCOPE OF THE STUDY The practice of leadership is found to be ages old. Over the period of time as the requirements changed, new styles and practices came in use to aid the old ones. Sometimes such new practices comes as an addition to the existing patterns while sometimes they come as a replacement of the old and extra styles. E-leadershi p is a new and upcoming concept in the field of leadership studies and practices, which is an addition to the existing styles. though much has been talked about the concept, there is still scope for studies left. in that location is a lack of scholarly publications and research in the sense that how organizations can aid their leadership styles with that of E-leadership practices in order to make it much effective in todays context. There exists volumes of management literature dealing with the topic of leadership but only a partial fraction of it is found dealing with E-leadership. This makes the scope of study wider. There exists wide opportunity for research work in the field so that the concept is introduced in rhythmic management literature.Owing to the changing dynamics of business and other concerns, E-leadership is the pattern of the future. In times to come it would be the buzz for organizational effectiveness. Thus research-backed studies are essential for the topic to g et its due importance. such scholarly works would help introduce the topic in regular management studies. Such requirements make the scope of study amply wide. The study would cover the traditional leadership styles, its origin, features, its usage, and advantages.My research would also show how each of the traditional theory emerged as an answer to the shortcomings of the earlier ones thus making a chain. It would then study the recent practice of E-leadership, its origin, and usage and benefits. After analyzing the two, my research would aim to indicate as to how E-leadership is a practice for enhancing the leadership effectiveness and not a concept that aims to replace the studies of traditional leadership. This would be done through case studies of numerous organizations. Such scope makes the scope amply wide for an in-depth research work.LITERATURE REVIEW Owing to the wide scope of my study I aim to undergo wide great deal of literature. My literary survey would include all t he management literature dealing in the topic of leadership. unhomogeneous journals, articles, magazines and other unattached research works of similar nature and scope would aid the study. Internet and the articles available on various websites would act as indispensable tool for the office. I aim to undertake personal interview of certain managers in organizations who are in into the application of E-leadership practices.This would enable me to take the first hand experience of those who are using the concept. The responses of the respondents would act as a primary data. Reports of various organizations on its work culture and recent trends and practices would also be referred. This would help in determining the changing work culture in organization. Other articles related to the matter, if any, which would be needed in the course of study, would also be referred to. For the purpose libraries of certain institutes and universities would be relied upon. RESEARCH METHODOLOGYHavin g defined the need for the study and setting out research objectives it is necessary to make a research design. Research design specifies the method and procedures for collection of requisite summary to arrive at certain meaningful conclusion at the end of the proposed study. In the initial stages up to the final designing of the research work, I intend to use both descriptive as well as exploratory research designs It will include detailed study of related literatures and in-depth interviews with managers of some of the organizations.In the later stage of the research work I intend to use Conclusive Research Design. For this descriptive methodology will be used by me. All this will help to find a definite solution for the research problem and for drawing specific conclusion regarding the problem under study. try DATA In this research I intend to keep the sample data as 200, which will include entrepreneurs and managers of few organizations as well as employees, so as to be able t o have a better understanding of the changing scenario of leadership styles in todays organization. EXPECTED CONTRIBUTION OF THE RESEARCH WORK . willing be able to understand the concept of leadership and its various theories. 2. Will be able to have a better insight about the traditional leadership being used in various organizations. 3. Understand the evolving concept of E-leadership and its application in the organizations. 1. Will be able to do a detailed comparative study of the two kinds of leaderships and their impact on the organizations in the current market scenario. 2. Will be able to recommend to the organization the various advantage and disadvantages of adapting a contingent kind of leadership.

P1 describe the type of business, purpose and ownership of two contrasting businesses. Essay

P1 describe the type of championship, purpose and self-command of two contrasting businesses. For this assignment I am going to select two businesses, one which depart be local and not-for-profit organization and the second will be an international business and for profit. The two businesses I pass on chosen to use for this task are Asda Stores Ltd. and Welcare, Reigate.Type of BusinessAsda Stores Limited, commonly known as ASDA, is the second largest retail store and a national public limited corporation. It is a profitable business and it is the subsidiary of American company Wal-Mart. It was founded in 1949. Furthermore as Asda is a profitable business it is as well in the private sector. Welcare is a local charitable, non-profit organization.They earn no profit out of their work thus far do accept forms of donations and fundraisers. The charity was set up by a church over carbon years ago. It was originally founded in 1894. Furthermore as it a nonprofit business and is gi ving serving it is in the public sector. Purpose of the businessA charity is a group of profitable great deal whose aim is to give a service and help those in need. Welcare charity provides services which include amicable work and family support, support groups and life skill workshops and also a childrens health clinic. They work to have got families together, and encourage parents to give their children a happier childhood.Asda is a retail supermarket and the purposed of Asda is to make profit and to supply goods to customers. It sells general ware such as food, drink, clothing and various other items. It also has services such as insurance, monetary services and a mobile telephone network. Business Ownership and level of liabilityAsda was founded by Associated Dairies & elicit Stores Limited in 1949. This is situated in Leeds. The company has limited liability, therefore any debts within the company are paid by shareholders investment and this essence the owner wouldnt ha ve to sell their assets and be to pay the debt. Being a shareholding company you can freely sell shares, this is an easy way to have money contributed to the company.Welcare was founded in 1894, and was originally called The Diocesan Association for the Care of FriendlessGirls. This company has limited liability, this means any debt is paid for and the owners do not have to sell any assets.